10MP DSLR Shootout: Pentax K10D27075121508PentaxK10DThis pleasant surprise combines an assortment of goodies — built-in image stabilization, self-cleaning sensor, easy-to-use image controls — in the beefiest, best-sealed body of the bunch. System flexibility: Pentax has an ample current lens catalog, and given its legacy as one of the earliest players in 35mm SLRs, there is a huge stockpile of older lenses that will work on the K10D to some degree. And you can use any of them with image stabilization, as the K10D allows you to enter the focal length of an older lens so it works properly with the camera’s sensor-based Shake Reduction system. Plus, the Pentax AF360FGZ and AF540FGZ accessory flashes provide wireless TTL operation. Rank: 3 tie. Control: The K10D doesn’t have quite the smorgasbord of shooting and editing options of the Canon or Nikon, but still offers plenty. Besides sliders for saturation, contrast, and sharpness, there’s a two-axis graphic control for fine-tuning color balance; white-balance presets include three varieties of fluorescent lamp. After the shot, you can apply a variety of digital filters. You can manually select one of the 11 AF points or have the camera select it — and, yes, that’s accessed via an external dial control, too. The built-in flash, though, won’t function as a wireless flash trigger — you’ll need two accessory units for wireless operation. Rank: 4 tie. Ease of use: With its ample gasketing and sturdy construction, the K10D is the biggest and heaviest of the test cameras (though it’s neither terribly big nor awfully heavy). The upside is its excellent ergonomics, with a well-located shutter button, front and rear command dials, and jog dial. The K10D parts company with entry-level Pentax DSLRs in giving access to far more adjustments through external controls instead of menus.

This pleasant surprise combines an assortment of goodies — built-in image stabilization, self-cleaning sensor, easy-to-use image controls — in the beefiest, best-sealed body of the bunch.

System flexibility: Pentax has an ample current lens catalog, and given its legacy as one of the earliest players in 35mm SLRs, there is a huge stockpile of older lenses that will work on the K10D to some degree. And you can use any of them with image stabilization, as the K10D allows you to enter the focal length of an older lens so it works properly with the camera’s sensor-based Shake Reduction system. Plus, the Pentax AF360FGZ and AF540FGZ accessory flashes provide wireless TTL operation. Rank: 3 tie

Control: The K10D doesn’t have quite the smorgasbord of shooting and editing options of the Canon or Nikon, but still offers plenty. Besides sliders for saturation, contrast, and sharpness, there’s a two-axis graphic control for fine-tuning color balance; white-balance presets include three varieties of fluorescent lamp. After the shot, you can apply a variety of digital filters. You can manually select one of the 11 AF points or have the camera select it — and, yes, that’s accessed via an external dial control, too. The built-in flash, though, won’t function as a wireless flash trigger — you’ll need two accessory units for wireless operation. Rank: 4 tie

Ease of use: With its ample gasketing and sturdy construction, the K10D is the biggest and heaviest of the test cameras (though it’s neither terribly big nor awfully heavy). The upside is its excellent ergonomics, with a well-located shutter button, front and rear command dials, and jog dial. The K10D parts company with entry-level Pentax DSLRs in giving access to far more adjustments through external controls instead of menus.

Among many conveniences, it has both dedicated AF and dedicated exposure-lock buttons, so there’s no need to program a single button one way or the other. And Pentax has really improved its menu readouts. Oddly, there’s no AF-assist lamp; then again, we tend to dislike those. Rank: 1 tie

Image Quality: Extremely accurate skin tones, but the magenta cast in shadows distracted from generally accurate colors. Saturation was a bit too high in magenta flowers, and image showed higher contrast than optimum. Shadow detail was high but there were hot spots on bright areas. Resolution and image detail were better than Canon, but just behind Nikon and Sony. Most defects absent in RAW DNG files. Rank: 4 tie

What’s missing: Some indication in the viewfinder of the extent to which Shake Reduction is operating — like the “activity bars” in the old Konica Minolta DSLRs.

Nice surprises: When was the last time you saw user-interchangeable viewfinder screens in an SLR? The K10D has ’em.

Best for: Any kind of shooting, particularly in less-than-ideal environments and weather. And a real boon for Pentax owners longing for a higher-end DSLR.

Bottom line: Pentax’s reputation as the lightweight among DSLR makers is officially obliterated with this well-made, fine-performing, highly satisfying camera.

Test Results: Excellent overall image quality throughout the ISO range. With an average resolution of 1920 lines, the K10D comes in just behind the Sony in resolution, but the Pentax put up much better noise numbers: Very Low through ISO 400, then Low at ISO 800-1600. Resolution at ISO 1600 was 1845 lines, still clearly Excellent. Price: $920, body only; $1,000 with 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 SMC-DA AL lens. CIPA battery rating: 730 shots with 50% flash. Size/weight: 5.6×4.0x2.8 in., 1.8 lb with card and battery. Card: SD/MMC. Info: www.pentaxusa.com; 800-877-0155.

Click here to read PopPhoto’s full test of the Pentax K10D

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Nikon’s formula for building a better bombshell: Take the sensor, processor, autofocus, and most of the features of the high-end D200 and put them in a sub-$1,000 body. It’s a megaton hit.

System flexibility: Enormous and growing: a great wireless macro flash system, Vibration Reduction lenses, superspeeds and superteles, and the acclaimed Capture NX software. Of particular note for D80 users are new digital-only DX Nikkors such as the 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6, equivalent to a 27-200mm in 35mm terms. Rank: 1 tie

Control: Everything but the kitchen sink. The D80 uses the outstanding, super-sensitive 11-point AF system from the D200, and can couple the spotmeter to any of the AF points. Besides that, there is 420-zone Matrix metering and variable-concentration centerweighted metering. It can simply devour JPEGs in burst mode (100 at 3 fps). You can not only use the built-in flash as a wireless trigger for accessory Nikon Speedlights, but set its flash output independently in a multiflash setup. There are numerous Optimize Image presets for image adjustments, custom presets, and postproduction fixes like shadow/highlight adjustment, redeye removal, and color correction. Rank: 1

Ease of use: The D80 carries over the chunky, comfortable handgrip of its predecessor, the D70s, plus the front and back command dials, and boosts the magnification of the finder (now an Excellent 0.94X). The focus/exposure lock button and four-way jog dial are within easy reach of the thumb. And a number of control sequences (for example, magnification in playback) have been simplified. The D80 is nonetheless Menu City, given the vast array of adjustments available, but the big, readable LCD monitor and on-demand help screens make the menus almost, well, fun. Rank: 3

Image Quality: Very pleasing skin tones had a very slight magenta cast, but overall color accuracy was excellent, especially in purples and reds. Yellow flowers showed great detail in highly saturated areas, more so than in other cameras. Contrast was normal, with very high detail in shadow and highlight areas. Resolution and image detail were superb, and RAW-NEF files provided expanded dynamic range. Rank: 1

What’s missing: No built-in image stabilization — you need a VR lens for that — and flash-sync speed is 1/200 sec, down from the D70’s 1/500.

Nice surprises: How about in-camera conversion of RAW-NEF files? You can make adjustments to a RAW file, then store it as a separate JPEG, no computer needed. And among the JPEG conversions available is monochrome with b&w filter effects. Plus, 2,700 shots to a full charge? Wow!

Best for: Any kind of shooting, strong on sports/action, but the sensitive AF and low noise pretty much shout “available-light camera.”

Bottom line: It costs a couple hundred dollars more than the other cameras, but nobody cares. R.I.P., D70.

Test Results: Given the superb noise suppression, it maintains an Excellent image quality rating through ISO 3200. At lower ISOs, the D80 produced the highest resolution numbers of these five tested cameras. As ISOs increased, the aggressive noise reduction diminished resolution to the point that the Canon Rebel XTi had slightly better resolution at ISO 800 and above. But the Nikon could still resolve an average of about 1750 lines at ISO 3200. AF was highly sensitive, although the Rebel’s was slightly faster, the Sony’s a little more so. Price: $940, body only; $1,050 with 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 kit lens. CIPA battery rating: 2,700 shots no flash, 600 shots with 50% flash. Size/weight: 5.2×4.1×3.0 in., 1.5 lb, body only, with card and battery. Card: SD/MMC. Info: www.nikonusa.com; 800-645-6689.

Click here to read PopPhoto’s full test of the Nikon D80.

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Sharpshootin’ 8-megapixel pieces-is one right for you?

Cameras: Canon PowerShot Pro 1, Konica Minolta DiMAGE A2, Nikon Coolpix 8700, Olympus Camedia C-8080, Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F828

Seemingly overnight, the electronic-view- finder (EVF) camera became the hottest category in enthusiast digital cameras. And now that these eight-shooters have arrived, it’s starting to positively sizzle. For good reason. The 8-megapixel rigs offer tremendous advantages to the serious shooter:

• Pixel power: These five cameras all deliver excellent resolution (our highest rating), plus extremely high to excellent color accuracy ratings. If their $1,000 price point puts you off, consider that the minimum entry fee for an 8MP digital SLR is currently $4,500-without lens.

• Lens power: 8MP EVFs sport zoom lenses in the 5X to 8X range, with high-speed apertures like f/2 and f/2.8 being the norm. (This feat is possible due to the smaller-than-35mm sensor size, which allows for a larger zoom ratio with a smaller optic.) An f/2 interchangeable SLR optic with a 28-200mm range, if it existed, would cost a fortune and would be at least five times larger and heavier.

• Framing accuracy: Because the EVF shows the image as seen through the lens by the imager, these cameras have excellent framing accuracy-90 to 98 percent, as tested by our lab-that puts many optical SLR viewfinders to shame. You can also view camera menus and review images in the finder without using the higher-drain LCD monitor.

• Composing: You can view and frame at eye level, or switch to a real-time LCD monitor. And because these five cameras have tilting LCDs (or, in the case of the Sony, an articulated body/lens), waist-level, low-angle, and high-angle viewing is easy.

• Advanced features and capabilities: All provide RAW capture, high-speed burst rates, selectable (and sometimes movable) AF points, and extensive control over exposure. All can take accessory flash units for more power and flexibility. Some provide higher-quality video (VGA 640×480-pixels at 30 fps) than digital compacts.

So what’s not to like? A number of things, actually. The major two are lens limitation and viewfinder clarity. As good as it may be, the lens you get is all the lens you get, save for a few front-mounting auxiliary optics (see chart for details). And even the best EVFs show some grain and jumpiness, particularly compared with the crystal-clear, real-world view through an optical prism finder. (We compare the pluses and minuses of EVFs and SLRs on the next page).

So, is a top-gun EVF for you? If you’re looking for a compact camera, maximum all-in-one lens power, sharp imaging, and lots of control-for about a grand-you bet!

GALLOP POLL
There’s more to image quality than color accuracy and pixel counts. Camera AF and metering accuracy, plus noise levels, all play a part. For our field test, we set all cameras to ISO 100 and 1/100 sec in shutter-priority. Most did well in automatically selecting the right aperture. Detail images below are from a 1-inch-square area of a 12×16-inch image at 200 ppi.

The race for more color space
Most compact digital cameras record color information using the sRGB color space (common to PC monitors). But this color space clips certain colors that may be captured by the camera’s sensor. To improve color accuracy and saturation-especially for printing and reproduction, most digital SLRs and several EVFs offer an Adobe RGB color space option. Note the wider color gamut captured by the Minolta DiMAGE A2 in this mode.

Viewing by wire
Not all electronic viewfinders (EVFs) are created equal. The Konica Minolta DiMAGE A2, with 922,000 pixels, has more than triple the pixels of its nearest competitor, which means the viewfinder image can be magnified more without appearing fuzzy. As a result, the A2’s magnification ranks with that of the best SLR finders. The lowest magnification finders, by comparison, cause a tunnel-vision effect, and on-screen info is less readable. The images below show the relative magnification and detail from each camera’s EVF.

EVF vs. DSLR
Is an 8MP digital EVF camera a better choice than a 6MP digital SLR such as the Canon EOS Digital Rebel or Nikon D70? If higher resolution is your hot button, then you can’t beat the price-per-pixel of an EVF, nor can you beat its compact size, video capabilities, and all-in-one feature set.

But there are other advantages to DSLRs:
• Shutter lag is much shorter, and click-to-capture (combined AF and shutter lag) times are notably faster on most digital SLRs, so you have a greater chance of capturing the moment.

• Digital SLRs feature clearer TTL optical viewfinders that show finer details, more accurate colors, and respond instantly to lighting changes.

• Most DSLRs have depth-of-field preview. Of the tested EVFs, only the DiMage A2 has it.

• It’s easier to follow action with a DSLR, since the viewfinder doesn’t blank out for more than a split second between images in burst mode. All current EVF cameras freeze the first frame or stagger frames during the burst, making it nearly impossible to track a fast-moving subject.

• SLR shooters also have access to a wider variety of lenses and accessories, including dedicated flash units, battery grips, interchangeable focusing screens, and close-up attachments.

• In low light or at ISO 200-800, DSLRs are clear winners in image quality. But the wider f/2-2.8 apertures found on all of these EVFs, and the image stabilization on the DiMAGE A2, let you shoot in lower light without boosting ISO.

What’s with the noise?
Can the image quality from an 8MP EVF ever match the quality from an 8MP-or even 6MP-digital SLR? Some “experts” claim that EVF and compact digital cameras float-belly up because of digital noise-the term for image-degrading patterns and mottling, which is most evident in even-toned areas like sky, skin tones, or shadow areas.

That popular theory derives from a genuine fact: The smaller imaging sensors used in EVF and compact cameras are crowded with much smaller pixels. For example, on four cameras in this roundup, the 2¼3-inch CCD sensors feature 2.7 micron pixels, compared with 7.8 microns on the APS-sized CCD in the Nikon D70.

Two things happen with smaller pixels. First, the base ISO sensitivity of the sensor drops because more light is needed to fill the ultrasmall pixel wells. To compensate, cameras offer higher ISO modes, which unfortunately boost noise levels in the process of increasing low-light sensitivity (see ISO 100 vs. 400 shots at left). Second, the physical characteristics of the sensor, especially the materials used to create the boundaries between pixels, are less able to prevent electronic background noise from interfering with the signals from individual pixels. Thinner, more transparent walls between small pixels also allow angled light to strike adjacent pixels, causing noise, color fringing, and softer edges-especially with wide-angle lenses set to their widest apertures.

Sound like a dire situation for 8MP EVF models? It isn’t for the images they capture at ISO 50-64 settings in normal lighting. That’s because manufacturers have come up with some ingenious solutions to the noise problem. For example, many CCDs now use a microlens on each pixel to direct angled light toward the sensor, improving sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio. Sony’s 8MP CCD goes even further, incorporating a double internal lens (DIL) to further direct light toward the sensor. Other advancements in image-processing circuits and noise-reduction technologies also help keep noise in check.

But there’s no avoiding the reality of increased noise levels found in these five 8MP EVF models at higher ISOs, and it’s this hurdle that may slow down the megapixel race in EVF and compact digital cameras for the near future.

Contact Information:
Canon USA:
www.powershot.com, 800-652-2666
Konica Minolta USA:
www.konicaminolta.us, 877-462-4464
Nikon USA:
www.nikonusa.com, 800-645-6689
Olympus America:
www.olympusamerica.com, 888-553-4448
Sony Electronics:
www.sonystyle.com, 877-865-7669

Download our Shoot-out! Full Test Results
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Samsung-GX-10

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